Firstly, it is important to understand that infiltration is a physical change. When two types of water with different acid salts are separated using a semi permeable plastic film, it will be found that the water on the side with lower salt content will seep into the water with higher salt content through the membrane, while the salt content will not penetrate. In this way, the salt content on both sides will gradually be combined to an equal cutoff. Little do they know that this entire process must take a long time, also known as osmotic pressure. But if a pressure is applied on the water side with high salt content, the result can also terminate the above permeation, and the pressure at this time is called osmotic pressure. If the pressure increases again, it can cause the direction to reverse and permeate, leaving salt remaining.

The basic principle of reverse osmosis desalination is to apply a pressure higher than the natural osmotic pressure in saline water (such as source water), so that the permeation can proceed in the opposite direction, and the water in the raw water can be pressurized to the other side of the membrane to become clean water, thereby achieving the goal of removing residues and salts from the water.

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