RO reverse osmosis water purification equipment report: flocculation and sedimentation are common methods for treating wastewater. The flocculants used in flocculation and sedimentation include two types: organic chemical flocculants and microbial flocculants. Among them, the common organic chemical flocculants include inorganic polymer material flocculants and organic polymer flocculants. Inorganic polymer flocculants (such as polymeric iron sulfate, polymeric aluminum sulfate, etc.) are generally used in large quantities, and the addition of metal materials such as acid salts to water quality can cause adverse health hazards and secondary pollution to the natural environment; However, the residues of organic polymer flocculants (such as flocculants) are not easily dissolved in the natural environment. In addition, the individual flocculants have toxic side effects on the nervous system and "three inducing" effects (fetal malformations, carcinogens, and sudden changes). Therefore, the application of these two types of flocculants will cause adverse effects on people's physical and mental health and ecological environment protection. Microbial flocculants are a new type of wastewater treatment flocculant that is safe, biodegradable, and harmless to human health and the natural environment.

Microbial flocculants are various functional proteins and functional nucleotides caused by microbial metabolism. As early as 1935, Butterfield selected flocculant producing bacteria from active sludge. In 1976, Nakamura selected 19 microorganisms with flocculation activity. In 1985, Takagi developed microbial flocculant PF-101. In 1986, Kurane developed microbial flocculant NOC-1. In recent years, the United Kingdom, Japan, the United States, the Netherlands, France, the former Soviet Union, Germany, Japan, and China have all done a lot of work in the scientific research of microbial flocculants and achieved certain exam results. To conduct scientific research on microbial flocculants, the first step is to select and evaluate the strains that have the activity to cause flocculants. Many of these assessed flocculent microorganisms are present in soil layers, active sludge, and sediments.

RO reverse osmosis water purification equipment report: In terms of composition, it is mainly caused by microbial metabolism to produce protein and nucleic acid chemicals with flocculation activity, and some flocculants also contain inorganic metal ions [3,5]. From the perspective of spatial layout, it is known that microbial flocculants have two types of external economic three-dimensional structures: fiber structure and spherical structure. The key flocculation principles of microbial flocculants include bridging effect, hydrolysis effect, and sweeping effect. Chemical substances that can be flocculated by microbial flocculants include various microbial shavings, active sludge, microcystis, sand slurry, solid suspension of soil layers, sludge, fly ash, red blood cells, activated carbon powder, silicone rubber powder, aluminum oxide, porcelain clay, and methyl cellulose powder [3,4]. The production of microbial flocculants is related to the metabolic activity of microorganisms. Most flocculation microorganisms only exhibit flocculation activity in the middle and late stages of growth and development, which is related to factors such as metabolic transformation or self dissolution in the middle and late stages of microbial growth and development. Comprehensive studies have shown that a large production of flocculants occurs in the latter half of the growth stage or early stage of the stationary phase of most pathogens. From then on, even if the flocculation activity does not decrease, there will be no further improvement [6]. In addition, the generation of microbial flocculants is also related to factors such as nitrogen source, nitrogen source, temperature, and pH value

Using microbial flocculants to address the foul odor of water in domestic wastewater treatment plants. The high-efficiency microbial water treatment agent PX, developed by the British microbiological pathogen automatic control system enterprise Asia Limited Liability Company, solves 22000 t/d of municipal engineering wastewater. With an added amount of one millionth, the odor can be controlled, and the BOD removal rate is 80% -90%, and the SS removal rate is 80% -92%; Solve 300t/d hotel restaurant wastewater, add 1g/t, the odor will disappear after 3 days, and a significant actual effect will appear after 7 days. The oil accumulation in the oil separator will be removed, and the effluent BOD is 50mg/L and COD is 80mg/L. Use microbial flocculants to remove suspended solids from wastewater. After adding 2% Alcaligeneslatus shavings and appropriate sodium ions to the wastewater of the coking plant, the removal rate of suspended solids in the water reached 78%, while the removal rate of the same wastewater using polymeric iron sulfate was 47% [6].

RO reverse osmosis water purification equipment report: Microbial flocculants are used to fade wastewater. Alcaligeneslatus shavings and 1% polyaminoglucose are used to solve the fading rate of colored plate wastewater in paper mills, which is 94.6%. When Ma Xichen et al. conducted experiments with MF microbial flocculants, the fading rate reached 91% [7]. Using microbial flocculants to improve the settlement characteristics of silt foundation. Microbial flocculants can reasonably improve the settlement characteristics of active sludge foundation, avoid sludge flocculation, and enhance the efficiency of solution. Adding flocculants separated from Rhodobonerythropolis to the activated sludge that has already swelled can reduce the SVI (sludge volume index) of the solved sludge from 290 to 50. Ma Xichen and others from Dalian University of Light Industry used MF microbial flocculants to solve the swelled activated sludge, which can reduce the SVI (sludge volume index) of the solved sludge from 281 to 54 and achieve a coverage rate of 80.8% [7]. But adding flocculent microorganisms to the active sludge can promote the foundation settlement of the sludge, which is not easy to reduce the high efficiency of organic compound removal [8].

Both green body wastewater and enamel wastewater can be effectively treated with microbial flocculants. Ma Xichen and others from Dalian University of Light Industry used MF microbial flocculant to treat porcelain wastewater, reducing the optical density of the body wastewater from 1.3 to 0.051 and achieving a removal rate of 96.1%. The optical density of the glaze wastewater was reduced from 16.7 to 0.49, with a removal rate of 97.1% [7]. After adding the flocculant caused by R. erythripolis for 5 minutes, the OD660 of the green body wastewater decreased from 1.40 to 0.043, and the OD660 of the glaze wastewater decreased from 17.20 to 0.35 [9]. Ma Xichen et al. used MF microbial flocculant to treat livestock wastewater, reducing the total organic carbon (TOC) of the wastewater from 8100Mg/L to 2990Mg/L, with a removal rate of 63.1%, a light density reduction from 15.5 to 0.91, and a removal rate of 94.1% [7]. Adding a 1% concentration of Ca2+aqueous solution and the shaper of R. ethopolis to livestock wastewater can reduce TOC from the original 1420Mg/L to 425mg/L, and TN from 420Mg/L to 215mg/L, with removal rates of 70% and 40%. In addition, the OD660 value of wastewater decreased from 8.6 to 0.02 [10].

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